Technologies of the Self: from Socrates to Self-Help

Module Description

In this module, we will study technologies of the self, practices that individuals adopt in order to transform themselves in light of their ideals. We will discuss texts drawn from ancient Greco-Roman and Asian traditions that recommend such practices of self-transformation. Throughout the module, we will also consider to what contemporary adaptations or revivals of such ancient traditions offer a coherent and meaningful alternative to mainstream self-help.

By the end of this course, students will be able to:

  • Analyze and compare the ways in which technologies of the self that have been proposed by different philosophical and religious traditions aim to transform practicing individuals in light of their particular values and theoretical beliefs.
  • Examine the differences between Eastern and Western approaches to the self and self-improvement.
  • Investigate why there is a resurgence of interest in technologies of the self in contemporary society and reflect on the question to what extent ancient practices are still relevant today.

Assessment

Participation and academic citizenship (15%):

You will be expected to attend every class, to carefully read the assigned texts, and to constructively participate in class discussions and activities.   

Class presentation (10%)

Every third class, a group of two or three students will offer a ca. 15 minute presentation on contemporary adaptations of an ancient philosophical or spiritual tradition.

Forum posts (10%)

You will be expected to post a total of three 400-600-word reflections on the assigned readings to the Luminus forum. The purpose of this assignment is to stimulate critical thinking about questions raised by the readings we will discuss in class and to provide a starting point for class discussions. 

Reflective Journal (25%): 

You should try out a total of four technologies of the self inspired by the traditions we discuss in class and, for each of them, write a 600-800 word reflection on what you did, why you did it, how it relates to a text we studied in class, and what you got out of it.  

Role-playing assignment (10%): 

In week 12, groups of two or three students will act out an imagined conversation between the authors we discussed, focusing on the similarities and differences between the technologies of the self they recommend (ca. 10 minutes). 

Final paper (30%):

The final paper (ca. 2500 words) calls for a deeper and more extended reflection on the ideas and practices we have encountered in this module.

Schedule

N.B.: The schedule below may be updated and revised.

Week 1: Introduction 

Tuesday:

Friday:

Week 2: Aristotle 

Tuesday:

Friday:

Week 3: Aristotle / Confucius 

Tuesday:

  • Presentations on Aristotle

Friday:

  • Watch this short introduction to Confucius
  • Read: Confucius, Analects, selections from Sources of Chinese Tradition: From Earliest Times to 1600 by Wm. Theodore De Bary and Irene Bloom, pp. 43-63

Week 5: Confucianism / Stoicism 

Tuesday:

  • Presentations on Confucianism

Friday:

Week 6: Stoicism 

Tuesday:

  • Read:
    • Seneca, On Anger III.36-39, translated by Robert Kaster, University of Chicago Press, 2010 (2 pp.)
    • Marcus Aurelius, Meditations II-III, translated by Martin Hammond, Penguin, 2006 (11 pp.)

Friday:

  • Presentations

Week 7: Buddhism 

Tuesday:

Friday:

Week 8: Buddhism / Epicureanism 

Tuesday:

  • Presentations

Friday:

  • Watch this short introduction to Epicureanism   
  • Read: Epicurus, Letter to Menoeceus (M), Principal Doctrines (P), Vatican Sayings  (V) (9 pp.), from Gerson, Lloyd P., and Brad Inwood, The Epicurus Reader: Selected Writings and Testimonia, Hackett, 1994.   

Week 9: Epicureanism / Skepticism 

Tuesday:

  • Watch: A 97-Year-Old Philosopher Faces His Own Death (optional)
  • Read:
    • Lucretius, On the Nature of Things, III.830-1094 (9 pp.), from Smith, Martin F., Lucretius: On the Nature of Things, Hackett, 2001
    • Epicurus about death (Letter to Menoeceus #124-127, Principal Doctrines 2, 11, 19-21, Vatican Sayings 9, 31, 38, 60)

Friday:

Week 10: Epicureanism and Skepticism / Daoism

 

Tuesday:

  • Presentations

Friday:

Week 11: Daoism 

Tuesday:

  • Watch Edward Slingerland's Ted Talk 'Trying Not to Try'
  • Read Zhuangzi, chapters 1-3 (translation by Burton Watson; skip the selections highlighted in yellow if you're pressed for time)

Friday:

  • Presentations

Week 12

Tuesday

  • Final paper proposal workshop (45 min)
    • Groups of 3 TBD

Friday:

  • Role-playing activity
    • Group 1:
    • Group 2:
    • Group 3:
    • Group 4:

Week 13: Concluding thoughts and draft workshop 

Tuesday:

  • Role-playing activity
    • Group 1:
    • Group 2:
    • Group 3:
    • Group 4:

Friday

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